Scandinavia, Iceland, the Viking world · c. 700 – 1300 AD

Norse mythology

Norse mythology survives chiefly through the Poetic Edda and Snorri Sturluson’s Prose Edda, written down in medieval Iceland from older oral tradition. It is a mythology with an expiry date: gods, giants, and monsters are all bound toward Ragnarök, the final battle in which most of them die and the world burns before being reborn. That fatalism gives its figures a gravity the Olympians never carry.

Inside the fence, and outside it

Innangarðr

Within the fence: Asgard and Midgard, the ordered world the Æsir hold.

Odin · Thor · Freyja · Heimdall

Útgarðr

Beyond it: wolf, serpent, and the giants who will come at Ragnarök.

Loki · Fenrir · Jörmungandr · Hel

Gods & goddesses

35 entries
Depiction of Odin
Chief deity · Norse · god

Odin

The Allfather who pledged an eye for one drink from Mímir's well, and hung nine nights on the windy tree to take up the runes.

wisdom · war · death · magic

Monsters

14 entries
Depiction of Angrboða
Norse · monster

Angrboða

The giantess in Jötunheim who bore Loki the wolf, the serpent and the queen of the dead.

monsters · fate · chaos

Depiction of Fáfnir
Norse · monster

Fáfnir

Hreiðmarr's son, who killed his father for the otter's ransom, lay on the gold in a serpent's shape under a helm that terrified every living thing, and died warning his slayer that the rings would be his bane.

monsters · guardianship · fate

Depiction of Fenrir
Norse · monster

Fenrir

The wolf they raised, bound, and could not kill — fated to swallow Odin whole.

monsters · war · fate

Depiction of Garmr
Norse · monster

Garmr

The hound bound before Gnipahellir, whom Snorri calls the greatest monster: at Ragnarök he breaks loose, and he and Týr each become the other's slayer.

monsters · fate · war

Depiction of Geirröðr
Norse · monster

Geirröðr

The giant who starved Loki in a chest until he swore to bring Thor without his hammer, and who died when Thor threw the glowing iron bolt back through the pillar.

monsters · fire

Depiction of Hrungnir
Norse · monster

Hrungnir

The giant who rode after Odin through the gates of Ásgard, got drunk on Thor's cups boasting he would sink it, and met the hammer with a whetstone and a heart of stone.

monsters · horses · chaos

Depiction of Hymir
Norse · monster

Hymir

The giant who pulled two whales up on one hook, and reached for his bait-knife when Thor's line came up with the World Serpent on it.

monsters · sea

Depiction of Jörmungandr
Norse · monster

Jörmungandr

The serpent long enough to circle the world and bite its own tail; when it lets go, the end begins.

monsters · sea · storms

Depiction of Níðhöggr
Norse · monster

Níðhöggr

The dragon beneath the ash: he gnaws the root of Yggdrasil from below, sucks the corpses of the dead on Náströnd, and at the close of Völuspá comes flying up with bodies in his wings.

monsters · death · chaos

R
Norse · monster

Reginn

The smith who made Sigurd's sword and plotted his death, until the birds disclosed the betrayal.

craft · trickery · magic

Depiction of Surtr
Norse · monster

Surtr

He sits at the world's edge with a blazing sword, and at the end he rides out of the south to burn it all.

monsters · fire · chaos

Ú
Norse · monster

Útgarða-Loki

The giant king of Útgarðr who beat Thor with eye-illusions: a horn whose other end lay in the sea, a cat that was the Midgard Serpent, and an old nurse who was old age.

trickery · magic · kingship

Depiction of Þjazi
Norse · monster

Þjazi

The eagle who talked his way into a share of the ox, took Iðunn as the price of letting Loki go, and burned at the wall of Ásgard for it.

monsters · winter · sky

Depiction of Þrymr
Norse · monster

Þrymr

The lord of the giants who buried Thor's hammer eight leagues under the earth, named Freyja as its price, and lifted the veil on the wrong bride.

monsters · chaos · kingship

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